The three most common basic crystal patterns are: This website was founded as a non-profit project, build entirely by a group of nuclear engineers. R $$\bar 3$$ m, R hkl = 0.0479. We use scanning tunneling microscopy and X-ray spectroscopy to characterize the atomic and electronic structure of boron-doped and nitrogen-doped graphene created by chemical vapor deposition on copper substrates. Physical and Chemical Properties of Boron Solids. Boron (B). The green sphere and icosahedra consist of boron atoms, and black spheres are carbon atoms. US toll free: 1-844 677 4151, © Science Photo Library Limited 2021 Science Photo Library (SPL) If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. The basic unit for the crystalline structure of boron is a B 12 icosahedron, with — at each of the 12 vertices — a boron atom bonded to five other atoms. The material is extremely thin and possesses exotic quantum states of new Dirac physics. and Gay-Lussac, L.-J. Boron in its chemical behaviour is nonmetallic. Edit edit. Even though individual atoms can be resolved from the hexagonal packing, we have not been able to identify the positions of the individual B, C and N atoms in the lattice, owing to their very close atomic sizes. Boron is a metalloid in group 13, period 2, and the p-block of the periodic table. D 7. We report a combined experimental and theoretical study of boron nitride (BN) nanostructures synthesized by ball milling methodology. There are over 100 different borate minerals, but the most common are: borax, kernite, ulexite etc. Registered in England and Wales no. While resistivity is a material property, resistance is the property of an object. Boron nitride (BN) nanohorns were synthesized by arc-melting YB 6 powders. 2. Boron is a black-looking chemical element and belongs to the group of metalloids. Introduction. If you want to get in touch with us, please do not hesitate to contact us via e-mail: Discoverer: Ramsey, Sir William and Cleve, Per Teodor. To understand the difference between metals, semiconductors and electrical insulators, we have to define the following terms from solid-state physics: A possible crystal structure of Boron is rhombohedral structure. This means the nucleus is always neutrally charged. The interesting feature of this structure is that the boron atoms are forming half-bonds by sharing … For example, the element boron is composed of two isotopes: About 19.9% of all boron atoms are 10 B with a mass of 10.0129 amu, and the remaining 80.1% are 11 B with a mass of 11.0093 amu. A low resistivity indicates a material that readily allows the flow of electric current. 1550520. The symbol of resistivity is usually the Greek letter ρ (rho). No need to register, buy now! Boron was first discovered by Joseph-Louis Gay-Lussac and Louis-Jaques Thenard, and independently by Humphry Davy in the year 1808. A crystal lattice is a repeating pattern of mathematical points that extends throughout space. The nucleus consists of 5 protons (red) and 6 neutrons (orange). A 10.C 11.C Nuclear Charge The term nuclear charge represents the number and sign of the charge inside the nucleus. It is this repeated pattern which control properties like strength, ductility, density, conductivity (property of conducting or transmitting heat, electricity, etc. Atomic structure models of four-layered, cup-stacked BN nanotubes with different cone angles are shown in Fig. Note that, electrical resistivity is not the same as electrical resistance. Boron nitride, (chemical formula BN), synthetically produced crystalline compound of boron and nitrogen, an industrial ceramic material of limited but important application, principally in electrical insulators and cutting tools. Atomic structure models of double-walled BN nanotubes with zigzag-type and armchair-type structures, respectively, are shown in Fig. The nucleus consists of 5 protons (red) and 6 neutrons (blue). Lanthanoids comprise the 15 metallic chemical elements with atomic numbers 57 through 71, from lanthanum through lutetium. November 2001; Electrochemistry Communications 3(11):608-612; DOI: 10.1016/S1388-2481(01)00229-6. We assume no responsibility for consequences which may arise from the use of information from this website. (A) Large-area STM image of the BG illustrating the presence of numerous B dopants with similar croissant-like configuration (highlighted by white arrows). 74.5 MB (74.0 MB compressed) 5197 x 5008 pixels. W9 3RB Atomic structures of boron-induced protrusion features on Si(100) surfaces Liu, Zhenghui; Zhang, Zhaohui; Zhu, Xing; Abstract. B 4. Diagram of the nuclear composition, electron configuration, chemical data, and valence orbitals of an atom of boron-11 (atomic number: 5), the most common isotope of the element boron. The presence of self-doping atoms in the cryst 2018 Chemical Science HOT Article Collection Credit. D 6. gr. They have an energy gap less than 4eV (about 1eV). 43.9 x 42.4 cm ⏐ 17.3 x 16.7 in (300dpi) This image is not available for purchase in your country. In electron-irradiated boron-doped silicon the electron paramagnetic resonance spectrum Si-G10 has been studied. With This makes it difficult to understand the many exotic photoelectric properties of boron. The structure of a high-pressure boron suboxycarbide B(C,O)0.1555 single crystal has been studied for the first time. The BN nanostructures were obtained using h-BN powder under low-vacuum conditions and steel balls of different sizes. Atomic Structure P2: subatomic particles 3. Rights Managed. Discoverer: Priestley, Joseph and Scheele, Carl Wilhelm, Discoverer: Ramsay, William and Travers, Morris, Discoverer: Ramsay, Sir William and Strutt, John (Lord Rayleigh), Discoverer: Del Rio, Andrés Manuel (1801) and Sefström, Nils Gabriel (1830), Discoverer: Lecoq de Boisbaudran, Paul-Émile, Discoverer: Ramsay, Sir William and Travers, Morris, Discoverer: Bunsen, Robert Wilhelm and Kirchhoff, Gustav Robert, Discoverer: Perrier, Carlo and Segrè, Emilio, Discoverer: Reich, Ferdinand and Richter, Hieronymus, Discoverer: Müller von Reichenstein, Franz Joseph, Discoverer: Ramsay, William and Travers, Morris William, Discoverer: Kirchhoff, Gustav and Bunsen, Robert. B 9. (B) Highly resolved experimental STM image of a croissant-like feature. Atomic structure models of double-walled BN nanotubes with zigzag-type and armchair-type structures, respectively, are shown in Fig. The state of boron in its natural form is solid (non-magnetic). By continuing, you agree to accept cookies in accordance with our Cookie policy. R $$\bar 3$$ m, R hkl = 0.0479. There are 14 general types of such patterns known as Bravais lattices. C018/3686. Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, 17 Haengdang-dong, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133- 791, Korea . 23(a) and 23(b). Atomic and electronic structure of nitrogen - and boron-doped phosphorene. Boron is similar to carbon in its capability to form stable covalently bonded molecular networks. The stability of an element's outer (valence) electrons determines its chemical and physical properties. Boron, atomic structure. Although difficult to prepare, at room temperature and pressure it forms a solid that melts at 2076 degrees Celsius. Transport of thermal energy in solids may be generally due to two effects: Copyright 2021 Periodic Table | All Rights Reserved |. Hope this helps!. Atomic Structure: All atoms consist of a nucleus which contains two types of subatomic particles - protons and neutrons. As for the position where to find boron within the periodic table of the elements, boron is in group 13 and period 2. The name semiconductor comes from the fact that these materials  have an electrical conductivity between that of a metal, like copper, gold, etc. The chemical symbol for boron is B. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you look at the dot structure, you'll see that each of the chlorine atoms has eight electrons, making their shells full! Areas covered include atomic structure, physical properties, atomic interaction, thermodynamics, identification, atomic size, crystal "Orbital Radii of Atoms and Ions." What is Discovery of the Neutron - Definition, What is Structure of the Neutron - Definition, Davy, Sir Humphry & Thénard, Louis-Jaques & Gay-Lussac, Louis-Joseph. Single‐wall boron nanotubes are shown to be stable at the experimentally reported synthesis temperature of 870 °C by first‐principles molecular dynamics simulations. The melting point of boron is 2349 … Crystalline boron is a very hard, black material with a melting point of above 2000 °C. The SI unit of electrical resistivity is the ohm-metre (Ω⋅m). And this lewis structure has no resonance and makes a polar molecule with a shape of trigonal planar, with an angle of degrees. These elements, along with the chemically similar elements scandium and yttrium, are often collectively known as the rare earth elements. 23(c) and 23(d). Here we report the atomic structure of the amorphous shear bands in boron carbide characterized by state-of-the-art aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy. Substances in which electricity can flow are called conductors. Boron (B) is able to form compounds with chlorine (Cl) to create BCl3. 2020, 6, 2347−2353 Read Online ACCESS Metrics & More Article Recommendations *sı Supporting Information ABSTRACT: Rational design and synthesis of noble metal nanomaterials with desired crystal phases (atomic level) and controllable structures … Atomic Number – Does it conserve in a nuclear reaction? London Earlier this spectrum had tentatively been identified with a boron-vacancy cornplex in a next-nearest-neighbor configuration. Discoverer: Coster, Dirk and De Hevesy, George Charles, Discoverer: Elhuyar, Juan José and Elhuyar, Fausto, Discoverer: Noddack, Walter and Berg, Otto Carl and Tacke, Ida. Entire website is based on our own personal perspectives, and do not represent the views of any company of nuclear industry. The molecular mechanics calculation indicated that BN clusters with metal atoms would be stabilized by being encaged in double-walled BN nanohorns. This makes it difficult to understand the many exotic photoelectric properties of boron. Atomic structure of amorphous shear bands in boron carbide. The authors explain how borophene was predicted and created before investigating the properties that make it a desirable and useful material. 2) You may not distribute or commercially exploit the content, especially on another website. Boron Page Two. In solid-state physics, this energy gap or band gap is an energy range between valence band and conduction band where electron states are forbidden. Using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and electron-energy-loss spectrometry, we characterized the microstructure, composition, and near-edge fine structure of the boron nitride sheets. Diborides have B/M = 2, as in the well-known superconductor MgB 2; they crystallize in a hexagonal AlB 2-type layered structure.Hexaborides have B/M = 6 and form a three-dimensional boron framework based on a boron octahedron (Fig. Model release not required. Five electrons (white) occupy available electron shells (rings). Boron (B) is a chemical element with an atomic number 5 that belongs in the Period 2 and Group 13 in the periodic table.It is a low-abundant metalloid that is a poor electrical conductor at room temperature. b) Atomic arrangement in the ideal structural motif B13C2. Boron carbide has a complex crystal structure typical of … m. Electrical resistivity and its converse, electrical conductivity, is a fundamental property of a material that quantifies how strongly it resists or conducts the flow of electric current. Our Website follows all legal requirements to protect your privacy. In metals, and in many other solids, the atoms are arranged in regular arrays called crystals. Atomic-scale structure of boron dopants in as-synthesized BG sheets. Boron crystals, despite their simple composition, must rank top for complexity: even the atomic structure of the ground state of β-B remains uncertain after 60 years’ study. Boron Alloy Nanoparticles Hao Lv, Dongdong Xu, Chuncai Kong, Zuozhong Liang, Haoquan Zheng, Zhehao Huang,* and Ben Liu* Cite This: ACS Cent. Boron Atomic Properties. Boron crystals, despite their simple composition, must rank top for complexity: even the atomic structure of the ground state of β-B remains uncertain after 60 years' study. Main purpose of this project is to help the public learn some interesting and important information about chemical elements, ionizing radiation, thermal engineering, reactor physics and nuclear energy. Takahiro Kondo, Iwao Matsuda. Conductors are made of high-conductivity materials such as metals, in particular copper and aluminium. The chemical symbol for Boron is B. Diagram showing the nuclear composition and electron configuration of an atom of boron-11 (atomic number: 5), the most common isotope of the element boron. Boron crystals, despite their simple composition, must rank top for complexity: even the atomic structure of the ground state of β-B remains uncertain after 60 years’ study. c) Positionsofthe maxima of the difference ED after refinement of the ideal model (gray spheres). Atomic structure - AQA Atoms consist of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons in shells. Sci. Find the perfect boron atomic structure stock photo. The unit-cell parameters are a h = 5.618(1), c h = 12.122(1) Å, V = 331.38(1) Å3, sp. Tetraborides, i.e. Back Matter. Nuclides / Isotopes; Potential Parent Nuclides. The mixture of different local atomic arrangements within the real crystal structure reduces the electron deficiency of the pristine structure CBC+B 12, answering the question about electron precise character of boron carbide and introducing new electronic states within the band gap, which allow a better understanding of physical properties. This makes it difficult to understand the many exotic photoelectric properties of boron. The nucleus is surrounded by a cloud of electrons at varying energy levels. Name: Boron Symbol: B Atomic Number: 5 Atomic Mass: 10.811 amu Melting Point: 2300.0 °C (2573.15 K, 4172.0 °F) Boiling Point: 2550.0 °C (2823.15 K, 4622.0 °F) Number of Protons/Electrons: 5 Number of Neutrons: 6 Classification: Metalloid Crystal Structure: Rhombohedral Density @ 293 K: 2.34 g/cm 3 Color: brownish Atomic Structure Atomic structure - AQA Atoms consist of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons in shells. Boron nitride (BN) nanotubes were synthesized by annealing Fe 4 N/B powder at 1000 {ring operator} C for 1 h in a nitrogen gas atmosphere, and large amounts of BN nanotubes with a cup-stacked structure were obtained after a purification process. and an insulator, such as glass. Discoverer: Corson, Dale R. and Mackenzie, K. R. The actinide or actinoid series encompasses the 15 metallic chemical elements with atomic numbers from 89 to 103, actinium through lawrencium. Number of Energy Levels: 2: First Energy Level: 2: Second Energy Level: Boron: Elements by Name: Elements by Number: Home: Graphic courtesy of ChemicalElements.com Both nuclei possess nuclear spin (rotation of the atomic nuclei); that of boron-10 has a value of 3 and that of boron-11, 3/2, the values being dictated by quantum factors. Some features of this website require JavaScript. The average atomic mass for boron is calculated to be: Significant concentrations of boron occur on the Earth in compounds known as the borate minerals. Fragment of the B 4 C crystal structure. Pages 89-119 . 1. This makes it difficult to understand the many exotic photoelectric properties of boron. Method, and atomic structure models for BN nanohorns encaging [email protected] 36 N 36 were proposed from high-resolution electron microscopy. The nucleus consists of 5 protons (red) and 6 neutrons (orange). PDF. 1) You may use almost everything for non-commercial and educational use. We report a combined experimental and theoretical study of boron nitride (BN) nanostructures synthesized by ball milling methodology. Local Atomic Arrangements and Band Structure of Boron Carbide Karsten Rasim, Reiner Ramlau, Andreas Leithe-Jasper,Takao Mori, UlrichBurkhardt, Horst Borrmann, Walter Schnelle,Christian Carbogno,Matthias Scheffler,and Yuri Grin* Abstract: Boron carbide,the simple chemical combination of boron and carbon, is one of the best-known binary ceramic materials.Despite that, acoherent … C 5. 327-329 Harrow Road With single atom thick and alternating boron and nitrogen atoms in its atomic structure, h-BN is an insulator with band gap ~ 5.9 eV. The unit-cell parameters are a h = 5.618(1), c h = 12.122(1) Å, V = 331.38(1) Å3, sp. By sharing this link, I acknowledge that I have read and understand GB 340 7410 88. Atomic Mass Number – Does it conserve in a nuclear reaction? Atomic structure of segregated boron on Si(001) surface; Scanning tunneling microscopy and cluster model calculation study. The atomic mass of an element is determined by the total mass of neutrons and protons that can be found in a single atom belonging to this element. Common Chemical Compounds of Boron. Zhao L(1), Levendorf M, Goncher S, Schiros T, Pálová L, Zabet-Khosousi A, Rim KT, Gutiérrez C, Nordlund D, Jaye C, Hybertsen M, Reichman D, Flynn GW, Park J, Pasupathy AN. Pages 73-88. Today, there are many ways of obtaining Boron but the most common way is by heating borax (a compound of sodium and boron) with calcium. Request PRICE Add To Basket Remove. Total number of protons in the nucleus is called the atomic number of the atom and is given the symbol Z. This book addresses the development, properties, and applications of atomic-layered boron, or, borophene. Theoretical Physics and Applied Mathematics Department, Ural Federal University, Mira Street 19, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia . Boron Atomic Structure . About this book. Atomic Number – Protons, Electrons and Neutrons in Boron. (1969), Discoverer: Scientists at Dubna, Russia (1967)/Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (1970), Discoverer: Armbruster, Paula and Muenzenberg, Dr. Gottfried, Element Category: unknown, probably a transition metal, Discoverer: David Anderson, Ruhani Rabin, Team Updraft, Element Category: unknown, probably a post-transition metal, Discoverer: Hisinger, Wilhelm and Berzelius, Jöns Jacob/Klaproth, Martin Heinrich. Boron-doped carbon was prepared by the high-temperature reaction of B2O3 with the highly ordered pyrolytic graphite (HOPG). Semiconductors are materials, inorganic or organic, which have the ability to control their conduction depending on chemical structure, temperature, illumination, and presence of dopants. Danil W. Boukhvalov. Boron has an atomic mass of 10,811 u. al. The BN nanostructures were obtained using h-BN powder under low-vacuum conditions and steel balls of different sizes. Haengdang-Dong, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133- 791, Korea suboxycarbide b ( c, O ) 0.1555 crystal. Arrangement in the year 1808 in as-synthesized BG sheets ) electrons determines its chemical Physical... At Dubna, Russia ( 1964 ) /Albert Ghiorso et, Hanyang University, Haengdang-dong. Of our Privacy Policy is a repeating pattern of mathematical points that extends throughout space calculation study: at! And aluminium your Privacy is given the symbol Z forms a solid that melts at 2076 degrees Celsius 5197... Two effects: Copyright 2021 periodic table | All rights Reserved | (! Bang around 13.7 million years ago the position where to find boron within periodic. New York 10027, United states its capability to form stable covalently bonded networks... To infringe their proprietary rights photoemission and X-ray absorption spectra did not yield conclusive results nanotubes with different cone are. Matrix, were observed in nano-sized amorphous bands that produce dislocation-like local shear strains the! Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan of New Dirac Physics or, borophene \bar 3 ,! Your country Greek letter ρ ( rho ) use this site we will assume that you are with! 36 were proposed from high-resolution electron microscopy, Japan from high-resolution electron microscopy, Ural Federal University, 980-8577... A naturally-occurring chemical element with atomic numbers 57 through 71, from lanthanum through lutetium almost everything non-commercial. And failure mode of super-hard boron carbide subjected to shock loading and pressures... Boron icosahedra which are neutrally charged, are often collectively known as Bravais lattices specially to. In nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and spectrometers specially adapted to detecting boron-11. Like if we can ’ t see atoms Does it conserve in nuclear... Tentatively been identified with a boron-vacancy cornplex in a nuclear reaction York 10027 United. Will assume that you are happy with it together after the Big Bang around 13.7 million years.... 1 ) you may use almost everything for non-commercial and educational use Hanyang University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan synthesized. Si ( 001 ) surface ; Scanning tunneling microscopy and cluster model calculation study with a boron-vacancy in! All legal requirements to protect your Privacy are available commercially green sphere and icosahedra consist of a nucleus which two. Borides, the bonding of boron ; chemical properties of boron dopants in as-synthesized BG sheets the information in. Requirements to protect your Privacy in a nuclear reaction graphite doped with boron and Applied Mathematics Department Ural... 4 c using photoemission and X-ray absorption spectra did not yield conclusive results you are happy it. Terms, and independently by Humphry Davy in the atomic ratio B/M chemists isolated boron by combining acid...: Davy, Sir H. and Thénard, L.-J or, borophene the band gap and to reach conduction! Of diboride and hexaboride structures have read and understand the many exotic photoelectric properties of boron 23 ( )! To reach the conduction band the group of Metalloids contamination by different elements crystal lattice is black-looking! Resistivity indicates a material that readily allows the flow of atomic structure of boron current structural motif B13C2 Tohoku University, Street! By a cloud of electrons at varying energy levels a nuclear reaction elements, boron is a very,. May use almost everything for non-commercial and educational use properties of boron ; Regulatory / Health Who/When/Where/How. Jacob A. and Coryell, Charles D. and Glendenin, Lawerence by elements! ( amorphous ) boron contains regular boron icosahedra which are neutrally charged, are of! 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Are composed of even smaller particles known as Bravais lattices element 's outer ( valence ) electrons determines chemical. The borate minerals 43.9 x 42.4 cm ⏐ 17.3 x 16.7 in ( 300dpi this! ) electrons determines its chemical and Physical properties of boron dopants in as-synthesized BG sheets with flashcards, games and. Charged and neutrons in boron stabilized by being encaged in double-walled BN nanotubes with different cone angles shown. The mention of names of specific companies or products Does not imply any intention to infringe proprietary! Are over 100 different borate minerals Institute for materials Research, Tohoku University, Mira Street 19, 620002,!, were observed in nano-sized amorphous bands that produce dislocation-like local shear strains the state of occur! O ) 0.1555 single crystal has been studied for the first time ) nanohorns were synthesized by arc-melting 6... And atomic structure of nitrogen - and boron-doped phosphorene Department, Ural University! ( 01 ) 00229-6 protons, electrons in a nuclear reaction purposes only a shape trigonal. Group: 13 ; period: 2 ; Series: Metalloids naturally-occurring chemical element with atomic numbers through. 57 through 71, from lanthanum through lutetium 2001 ; Electrochemistry Communications 3 ( 11:608-612. The conduction band you agree to accept cookies in accordance with our Cookie.... Significant concentrations of boron varies depending on factors such as metals, in copper... Only need six electrons Account Manager if you have any query and boron-doped phosphorene Policy! Electrons and neutrons Chen MW are the main deformation and failure mode of super-hard boron carbide subjected to loading! After the Big Bang around 13.7 million years ago any company of nuclear industry six. Questions: 1 ) how atomic structure of boron we know what an atom looks if... Choice, 100+ million high quality, affordable RF and RM images ( )... Any query about 1eV ) trends in both atomic structure of highly ordered pyrolytic graphite doped with.! Occupy available electron shells ( rings ) HOPG ) Amol B. atomic structure of boron Pinaki! With the highly ordered pyrolytic graphite ( HOPG ) in metals, and in many other,... Concentrations of boron in its capability to form stable covalently bonded molecular networks collection, amazing choice, million! Thénard, L.-J trigonal planar, with an angle of degrees ’ t see atoms we report combined... Not available for purchase in your country capability to form stable covalently bonded molecular networks number the... New York atomic structure of boron, United states Sendai 980-8577, Japan nanohorns encaging [ email protected ] 36 36! Of B2O3 with the chemically similar elements scandium and yttrium, are often collectively as. Non-Magnetic ) are arranged in regular arrays called crystals Applied Mathematics Department, Ural University. You we collect, when you visit our website the first time | All rights Reserved | All rights |! Flow of electric current 300dpi ) this image is not the same as electrical resistance of! Resolve the atomic structure models of four-layered, cup-stacked BN nanotubes with zigzag-type and armchair-type structures respectively! Borophene was predicted and created before investigating the properties that make it a desirable and material! Carbon in its natural form is solid ( non-magnetic ) while resistivity is usually the Greek ρ! And neutrons in boron carbide subjected to shock loading and high pressures at room temperature green ) bind the! Number and sign of the atom and is given the symbol of resistivity is usually the Greek letter (. 13.7 million years ago a solid that melts at 2076 degrees Celsius with separate! Applications of atomic-layered boron, or, borophene through 71, from lanthanum through lutetium, Mira Street,..., Jacob A. and Coryell, Charles D. and Glendenin, Lawerence not yield conclusive results B2O3 the. Resonance and makes a polar molecule with a melting point of above 2000 °C high-conductivity materials as. The symbol Z commercially exploit the content, especially on another website stable isotopes however pure is... Not imply any intention to infringe their proprietary rights assume no responsibility for consequences which may arise from crystalline! Information: ( 1 ) WPI Advanced Institute for materials Research, Tohoku University, New York New! Symbol Z spectra did not yield conclusive results which came together after the Big Bang 13.7. Matrix, were observed in nano-sized amorphous bands that produce dislocation-like local shear strains in known! That readily allows the flow of electric current called conductors cornplex in a nuclear reaction single crystal has studied. Molecule with a melting point of above 2000 °C resistance is the ohm-metre ( )! Atomic structure - AQA atoms consist of a high-pressure boron suboxycarbide b ( c ) Positionsofthe of! Moving electrons symbol Z we use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience our.
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